Story 25 · 1688–1691Archive · AHN

The fear that made confessions

A prisoner of the Majorcan Inquisition explained why he had confessed to false things: fear of torture. A description of psychological pressure written over three hundred years ago.

A prisoner sitting in a cell, looking out of a barred window over the sea
Imagined illustration based on the sources. Not a real portrait.

Onofre Cortés de Agustín was one of the prisoners who testified most in those years. He was also one of those who most often took it back. In 1691 he asked for voluntary hearings to retract part of what he had confessed.

His explanation takes up a few lines and needs no comment. He was weighed down by «the thought and imagining, which he could not help, many times, that they would give him an extraordinary torture and the harshest charge». And so, he said, he had confessed to everything in the witnesses' statements.

The tribunal fed that fear with a formula it repeated to every prisoner, at every stage, before reading out what was said against him: confessing now, they told him, «would be very good for him, both to unburden his conscience and for the swift and favorable settlement of his case».

There was no need to reach the torture chamber. It was enough for the prisoner to imagine it. Many of the confessions in these files were born of that imagining.

«…en que le auían de dar un tormento extraordinario y cargo rigurosísimo…»Original manuscript, in 17th-century Spanish spelling
SourceArchivo Histórico Nacional, Inquisition, bundle 1712, file 1, PARES image 15; bundle 1710, file 9, image 320.

One story every week,
in your inbox.

More stories

27Archive · AHN
1688–1689

Down to five-year-olds

Quiteria Martí had to declare her family tree before the tribunal. She went all the way down to her cousins' grandchildren: «they are very small, the eldest is five».

28Archive · AHN
1690

Folio 264 verso

The vote that sentenced Moixina to death has an exact address: the Secret Chamber, book of Final Votes, folio 264 verso. At the foot of the page, the copyist's errata list.

29Archive · AHN
1678–1691

The jailer-banker

On the eve of every inspection by the inquisitors, the warden warned the prisoners to hide their inkwell, pens, paper and books under their clothes.